The measurement of exhaust emissions from the engines fitted in agricultural tractors under real operating conditions

Abstract

The exhaust emissions tests from non-road vehicles including machines used in agriculture are currently performed on engine dynamometers in NRSC and NRTC tests. Such tests do not entirely reflect the real machine operating conditions. Real operating conditions are characterized by variable loads and variable engine speeds and to a large extent they depend on other factors that occur under operation (variable weather conditions). In light of the growing emission requirements in relation to transport it seems justified to determine the real emissions under real operating conditions. This testing method is one of the main trends in the development of the emission testing methodology worldwide. The tests performed under real operating conditions should be used for the optimization of future powertrains used in both road and non-road vehicles. The results of such tests should also be included in the works on the improvement of the emissions legislation. The paper presents the results of the emission tests from the engines fitted in agricultural tractors (plowing). For the measurement of the emissions a portable exhaust emissions analyzer SEMTECH DS. by SENSORS was used. Based on the obtained results an analysis was developed of selected engine parameters. The performed analysis is a comparison of two tractors performing similar field work. In the final part of the paper the authors present the possibilities and trends in further works related to the emissions measurements under real operating conditions from vehicles used in agriculture.